19–21 Oct 2026
Frascati
UTC timezone
The deadline for the abstracts submission has been delayed to July 20, 2026

Multi-analytical non-destructive approach for the study of Iron Age swords from Torre Galli necropolis at UniCal STAR facility

19 Oct 2026, 15:20
20m
Sala Bruno Brunelli (Frascati)

Sala Bruno Brunelli

Frascati

Building F23 Via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Rome
Oral Cultural heritage Cultural heritage

Speaker

Prof. Riccardo Cristoforo Barberi (Dipartimento di Fisica e IR STAR, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia)

Description

This work is focused on the diagnostic analysis of the collection of swords found among the grave goods of the Torre Galli necropolis (10th-9th century BCE), preserved at the National Archaeological Museum of Reggio Calabria.
In this site, the military organisation played a leading role in male society and swords were symbols of political power of few family heads. The Torre Galli necropolis is widely regarded as one of the most significant archaeological sites for understanding Iron Age civilization in the Italian Peninsula.
The main aim is to characterize the constituent materials of the analysed swords to determine their composition, manufacturing techniques, and state of preservation. The artifacts have been subjected to diagnostic investigations carried out using non-invasive and/or micro-invasive techniques such as µ-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray tomography, 3D scanning and colorimetry.
The ongoing analyses have enabled the identification of both inorganic and organic materials, including iron, bronze, bone, and wood, along with the recognition of degradation phenomena.
The project also includes the development of innovative virtual restoration, exhibition, and integrated valorisation strategies for the artifacts.
These research activities are carried out at STAR (Southern Europe Thomson Backscattering Source for Applied Research), a public national research infrastructure, with European projection, dedicated to advanced X-ray and non-invasive diagnostic technologies. This enables the application of analytical traditionally available only at large-scale facilities, while offering significantly lower costs and a more compact instrumentation.
At STAR, microtomography and X-ray microscopy systems, combined with non-contact 3D reconstruction techniques such as laser scanning and photogrammetry, provide non-destructive three-dimensional imaging of both the internal structure and external morphology of samples ranging from a few millimetres to several tens of centimetres, achieving spatial resolutions down to the sub-micrometre scale.

Author

Prof. Riccardo Cristoforo Barberi (Dipartimento di Fisica e IR STAR, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia)

Co-authors

Dr A. Nucera (Dipartimento di Fisica e IR STAR, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia) Dr Arianna De Luca (Dipartimento di Fisica e IR STAR, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia) Dr B. Fazzari (National Archaeological Museum of Reggio Calabria, Italy) Dr D. Costanzo (National Archaeological Museum of Reggio Calabria, Italy) Dr E. Scafuri (Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia) Dr F. Falcone (ISPC – CNR, 95124 Catania, Italy) Dr F. Fuoco (3D Research S.R.L., Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy) Dr F. Grilli (Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia) Dr F.I. Mazzuca (3D Research S.R.L., Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy) Dr F.P. Romano (ISPC – CNR, 95124 Catania, Italy) Dr I. Barba Castagnaro (Dipartimento di Fisica e IR STAR, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia) Dr L. Barbieri (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy) Prof. M. Castriota (Dipartimento di Fisica e IR STAR, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia) Dr M. Chiappetta (3D Research S.R.L., Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy) Dr M.C. Crocco (Dipartimento di Fisica e IR STAR, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia) Prof. R.G. Agostino (Dipartimento di Fisica e IR STAR, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia) Dr S. Bottura Scardina (ISPC – CNR, 95124 Catania, Italy) Dr S. Donato (Dep. of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy) Dr S. Longo (ISPC – CNR, 95124 Catania, Italy) Dr S. Medaglia (Department of Cultures, Education and Society, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy) Dr S. Serratore (Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy) Prof. V. Formoso (Dipartimento di Fisica e IR STAR, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italia)

Presentation materials