Description
P. 1 D. Belardinelli, Derivazione di una distribuzione Kappa generalizzata dalle proprietà di scala del vento solare
P. 2 S. Benella, Cross-scale coupling between local streamline structures, energy transfer and dissipation in space plasma turbulence
P. 3 F. Berrilli, From Photosphere to Corona: Supergranular Magnetic Networks and Coronal Hole Formation
P. 4 D. Borgogno, Jet Emission Shaped by MHD Instabilities
P. 5 M. Bugatti, Progress in the Development of a Penning Ionization Gauge Against Vacuum Degradation in Tokamak Cryostats
P. 6 E. Capelli, Modeling centrifugal instabilities in laboratory plasma
P. 7 G. Celebre, Phase-Space Dynamics of Electron Acoustic Turbulence in 2D-2V Inhomogeneous Plasmas
P. 8 F. Cichocki, Particle-in-cell modeling of the inductive discharge inside the drivers of negative ion sources
P. 9 O. De Pascale, Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: background and new applications
P. 10 D. Del Sarto, Modelling of low collision plasmas at the IJL - Nancy (France): kinetic phenomena and energy conversion processes
P. 11 P. Buratti, Magnetic reconnection studies in collisionless relativistic plasmas
P. 12 L. Del Zanna, Properties of relativistic MHD turbulence in synchrotron emitting astrophysical sources
P. 13 S. Fabiani, Unveiling particle acceleration in solar flares: The crucial role of X-ray polarimetry and future Italian space missions
P. 14 M. Cavenago, Status of energy recovery, cooler and ion source experiments
P. 15 G. Ficarra, Homogenous plasma turbulence measurements in strong gravitational fields
P. 16 E. Gaspari, Sull’evoluzione temporale delle specie cariche e non cariche durante l’accensione di un plasma RF-ICP di una miscela di azoto ossigeno e argon
P. 17 V. Giannetti, Generazione di plasma atmosferico nei sistemi di propulsione elettrica spaziale “air-breathing” per orbite molto basse.
P. 18 L. Giovannelli, From Photospheric Convection to Coronal Heating: A Large-Domain SOC-Inspired N-Body Simulation of Quiet-Sun Magnetic Reconnection
P. 19 G. Giri, Modelling the longest plasma jets in the Universe with magneto-hydrodynamic simulations
P. 20 M. Imbrogno, Kinetic Turbulence and Magnetic Reconnection in Relativistic Multispecies Plasmas
P. 21 S. Landi, Contribution of the non-gyrotopy pressure strain terms in the energy conversion a ion scales: Results from 3D hybrid simulations.
P. 22 M. Lauriola, Numerical investigation of the Microwave Electrothermal Thruster cavity and plasma at Politecnico di Milano
P. 23 E. M. Fortugno, Impact of Distinct Viscous and Resistive Dissipation on the MHD Energy Cascade
P. 24 L. M. Martini, Unveiling the role of the catalyst support in silver-enhanced plasma ammonia synthesis
P. 25 A. Mercuri, Particle Acceleration and Transport in Young Supernova Remnants
P. 26 A. Micciani, Design of an NH3 AF-MPDT for Bimodal Nuclear Propulsion
P. 27 P. Minelli, Particle-in-Cell model of nanosecond point-to-plane high-pressure discharge
P. 28 L. Neri, Particle-in-Cell Simulation of ECR Ion Sources
P. 29 G. Nigro, Stochastic Resonance in a Thermally Driven Low-Dimensional Geodynamo Model
P. 30 G. Nisticò, Evolution of the physical properties of interplanetary CME-driven shocks from multi-spacecraft observations
P. 31 N. Orsini, Magnetic Reconnection as a Means to Advanced High Specific Impulse Plasma Thrusters
P. 32 S. Pagliarella, X-ray polarimetry of young supernova remnants: diagnostics of magnetic amplification and plasma turbulence at collision-less shocks
P. 33 G. Panebianco, Short-Timescale Variability in the Relativistic Jet Plasma of Bright Blazar 3C 454.3 from Optical–Gamma Correlations
P. 34 E. Papini, Modeling the solar wind turbulent cascade over four full decades with Hall-MHD Box-in-Box simulations.
P. 35 S. Perri, The influence of magnetic turbulence in the energetic particle response at interplanetary shocks
P. 36 D. Perrone, Turbulence and kinetic effects in the solar wind: Solar Orbiter measurements and numerical Vlasov-Maxwell simulations
P. 37 G. Prete, The Interaction of a Supernova Remnant with background interstellar turbulence
P. 38 F. Pucci, Particle acceleration in high energy astrophysical plasmas: the interplay of multiple mechanisms.
P. 39 V. Quattrociocchi, Schur Decomposition of Magnetic and Velocity Gradient Tensors in Space Plasmas
P. 40 A. Tamburrini, Unified Superstatistical Modeling of Non-Thermal Velocity Distributions and Velocity-Space Cascades in Space Plasmas.
P. 41 D. Vavassori, Plasma modelling of non-reactive and reactive HiPIMS discharges for tungsten deposition
P. 42 G. Vereshchagin, Pair luminosity and cooling of newborn strange star
P. 43 G. Zimbardo, A simple derivation of fractional Fick’s law and the finding of uphill transport at collisionless shocks
P. 44 M. Zuin, Non-linear Langmuir wave study in a small-scale laboratory plasma, a model for solar wind
Le dinamiche su scala cinetica nei plasmi spaziali debolmente collisionali mostrano una statistica autosimilare delle fluttuazioni del campo magnetico e l'esistenza di una funzione di densità di probabilità invariante (master curve). È possibile derivare analiticamente la master curve a partire da una dinamica à la Langevin, ottenendo una generalizzazione della distribuzione Kappa a due...
This study leverages a fully compressible 3D Hall-MHD numerical simulation of space plasma turbulence to explore multiscale coupling between streamlines and magnetic field line topologies, turbulent cascade rate, and energy dissipation. Through gradient tensor geometric invariants, we investigate the interplay between large-scale fluid dynamics and small-scale dissipative phenomena. From an...
The photosphere-corona system is governed by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) processes spanning multiple scales. Photospheric plasma turbulent convection continuously reconfigures magnetic field topology, while coronal plasma dynamics respond to the underlying magnetic boundary conditions. This plasma-magnetic coupling produces coronal holes (CHs)—regions where coronal plasma flows freely along open...
Astrophysical jets from supermassive black holes form large-scale radio sources extending hundreds of kiloparsecs, while micro-quasar jets powered by stellar-mass black holes remain confined to sub-parsec scales within the interstellar medium. Despite this disparity, both systems share key magneto-hydrodynamical properties: they are fast, low-density outflows propagating through a denser...
A robust and reliable vacuum degradation detection system is essential to identify leaks in the cryostat of superconducting tokamaks [1]. This Vacuum Monitoring System (VMS) must be able to function in the harsh environment encountered near superconducting magnets, while also measuring vacuum pressure as low as 2E-8 mbar, with a response time in the order of few seconds [2]. Commercial vacuum...
A novel 2D-2V time-splitting Vlasov-Poisson solver has been used to deduce the kinetic behavior of the propagation of high-frequency electrostatic plasma waves in an inhomogeneous electron background. More specifically, we have simulated, in a scenario of constant proton density, the effect of density holes, where a lack of electrons leads to an unbalanced charge. These regions have been...
Negative ion sources for neutral beam injectors of modern and future tokamak machines, rely on a certain number of cylindrical quartz tubes (drivers) surrounded by an RF coil, in order to create a quasineutral plasma through an inductive discharge. The number of drivers depends on the size of the negative ion source, with SPIDER, the baseline source for the ITER neutral beam injector,...
Knowing the chemical composition of samples is essential to science and beyond, so much so that chemical analysis facilities are widespread within government agencies, universities, and industry. One of the enduring needs within the scientific community has been a capability for in situ chemical analysis for routine use outside the traditional analytical laboratory. Such instrumentation must...
The theoretical and numerical modelling of fundamental kinetic processes in low collision plasmas is the oldest and most traditional research activity that the plasma theory team in Nancy began in the ‘60s, and which in the ‘80s led to the development of the first Eulerian and semi-Lagrangian Vlasov codes.
I will present a few of the recent research activities and results, carried out along...
P. Buratti (1, 2), E. Menegoni (3), V. Vittorini (1), M. Tavani (1), D. Borgogno (1), F. Pucci (1) and L. Foffano (1)
(1) INAF-IAPS Roma, via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy
(2) ENEA, NUC Department, via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy
(3) ASI, via del Politecnico, Roma
Magnetic reconnection in collisionless current layers embedded in tenuous background plasmas is...
The study of solar flares offers a unique laboratory for investigating high-energy plasma physics and magnetic reconnection processes. A central open question in solar physics concerns the mechanisms responsible for particle acceleration during the impulsive phase of flares. While magnetic reconnection is identified as the primary energy release trigger, the specific processes accelerating...
The integrated experiment Plasma4beam2 addresses some innovative experiments in accelerator physics, in part described in this work. In neutral beam injectors (NBI) for tokamak heating or diagnostics, radiofrequency (RF) negative ion sources are used and residual ion beams (both H+ and H-) are produced; recovering their energy may improve net NBI efficiency and reduce heat load on walls....
Understanding plasma turbulence in curved spacetime — especially near compact objects — remains an open challenge. Conventional analyses rely on flat-spacetime techniques that cannot fully capture the effects of strong gravitational curvature. In this work, we review a recent method for studying turbulence in generic manifolds and arbitrary gravitational fields, enabling the calculation of...
Questo lavoro studia la ionizzazione dei propellenti atmosferici in plasmi accoppiati induttivamente (ICP). Nasce dall’interesse di approfondire la comprensione della chimica del plasma atmosferico per l’applicazione a sistemi di propulsione elettrica air-breathing (ABEP) per satelliti operanti in orbite terrestri molto basse (VLEO). Queste orbite, che vanno da 100 a 350 km di altitudine,...
Operare piattaforme satellitari in un’orbita terrestre molto bassa (Very Low Earth Orbit - VLEO), a un’altitudine inferiore ai 400 km, offrirebbe vantaggi significativi sia in termini di prestazioni del carico utile sia di mitigazione dei detriti spaziali [1]. Tuttavia, la resistenza aerodinamica presente a queste altitudini, dovuta all’atmosfera residua, deve essere compensata continuamente...
Understanding the dynamics of small-scale magnetic fields in the solar
photosphere is essential for interpreting the physical processes
occurring in the upper layers of the solar atmosphere, where magnetic
coupling drives chromospheric and coronal activity. In this work we
present an improved simulation framework designed to investigate the
statistical properties of magnetic-loop...
Since the early studies of extragalactic jets (collimated flows of relativistic plasmas), a central question has persisted: how far can such jets propagate in space? The discovery of the 4.1 mega-parsec (Mpc) jet in the radio galaxy 3C-236 in 1974 set the benchmark for decades, later surpassed by J1420-0545 (radio galaxy with a jet extending to 4.69 Mpc) discovered in 2008. For a long time,...
Simulations of relativistic plasmas traditionally focus on the dynamics of two-species mixtures of charged particles under the influence of external magnetic fields and those generated by particle currents. However, the extreme conditions of astrophysical plasmas near compact objects, such as black holes and neutron stars, are often characterized by mixtures of electrons, protons, and...
By using results from a 3D hybrid simulation we investigate the properties of plasma turbulence at ion scales, focusing on how the bulk-kinetic and magnetic energy is transferred into the internal energy of the particles by the pressure-strain interaction term. We analyze the time evolution of the internal and kinetic energy as well that of the pressure strain. The last exhibits a substantial...
Abstract:
Over the last decades, electric propulsion (EP) technologies have been playing a crucial role in the space market due to their ability to achieve higher specific impulse compared to chemical thrusters, resulting in improved propellant mass economy [1]. Although many EP thrusters are now highly mature, their lifetime is limited by plasma-induced erosion of critical components, such...
The energy cascade in Alfvénic solar wind turbulence is often analyzed under the ideal plasma approximation, where viscosity (ν) and resistivity (η) are assumed equal and negligible. Recent observations, however, indicate that viscous effects associated with velocity fields may operate on scales significantly larger than those of magnetic dissipation. To address this, we introduce a...
F. Spadoni1,§, S. Perina1,∗, G. Castellani3, P. Tosi1, P. Fornasiero3, V.M. Sglavo2 and L.M. Martini1
1 University of Trento, Department of Physics, Trento, Italy
2 University of Trento, Department of Industrial Engineering, Trento, Italy
3 University of Trieste, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CNR-ICCOM, CENMAT, Trieste, Italy
§Present address: Dutch Institute for...
Young supernova remnants are ideal sites for studying the acceleration and transport of high-energy particles. This work presents a comprehensive investigation of particle acceleration in Cassiopeia A using spatially resolved X-ray observations, and explores how the surrounding circumstellar medium affects the acceleration efficiency. Radial intensity profiles of bright nonthermal X-ray...
The Bimodal Ammonia Nuclear Thermal and Electric Rocket (BANTER) project, funded by the European Innovation Council, aims to develop a versatile nuclear propulsion system for deep-space missions. Unlike conventional bimodal systems, which use separate propellants for nuclear thermal and nuclear electric propulsion, BANTER employs ammonia (NH₃) as a single propellant. This unified approach...
In the frame of non-equilibrium discharge processing for CO2 valorization and nitrogen fixation, nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) discharges have shown a promising set of performances [1]. A modelling attempt must address microscopic time/space-resolved description of the physics and kinetics of the discharge. To this end, Particle-in-Cell (PIC) models seem to be the only option. The...
The custom Particle-in-Cell code we are developing for the study of Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources (ECRIS) has reached a version that reproduces various experimental observations. It also explained why the HSMDIS[1] magnetic configuration shows no erosion of the Boron-Nitride disks. The code reproduces the plasma formation from an empty plasma chamber to a density of the order of...
Geomagnetic field reversal sequences exhibit inter-reversal, or persistence, times spanning a broad range, from a few 10⁴ years to superchrons lasting more than 10⁷ years. Statistical analyses show that the reversal sequence does not follow a simple Poisson process with a constant rate and displays signatures of memory, clustering, and heavy-tailed behaviour. Short persistence times display...
Coronal mass ejections (CME)-driven shocks are the most efficient accelerators of gradual solar energetic particles (SEPs), which pose risks to technological infrastructure and human activity in space. Knowing the physical properties of expanding shocks is critical in order to prevent SEPs hazard and to understand their impact to the near-Earth environment. However, a thorough picture on how...
Magnetic reconnection (MR) offers a potential pathway toward high–specific impulse plasma acceleration for advanced electric propulsion. We present ongoing work on an MR-based thruster concept in which multiple flux ropes are generated by hollow cathodes inside a magnetized discharge chamber and guided by a set of coaxial coils. The aim is to exploit kink-unstable dynamics and the associated...
Young supernova remnants (SNRs) are natural laboratories where collision-less shock physics, magnetic-field amplification, and particle acceleration operate under plasma conditions inaccessible on Earth.
Thanks to imaging X-ray polarimetry, IXPE provides, for the first time, a direct probe of the magnetic-field geometry and turbulence level within the narrow synchrotron rims that trace the...
The study of astrophysical plasma in relativistic jets provides a unique laboratory for exploring high-energy particle acceleration and radiative processes. We investigate the multi-wavelength variability of blazar 3C 454.3, one of the most active extragalactic AGNs, monitored by the AGILE and Fermi satellites since 2007. In leptonic jet-emission scenarios, the optical emission arises from...
Plasma turbulence is an inherently multi-scale phenomenon that spans a vast range of spatial and temporal scales. In the solar wind, the inertial-range turbulent cascade extends over nearly four decades in length (from injection scales down to ion characteristic scales), and six decades when including electron characteristic scales. Being able to self-consistently simulate such a dynamics is...
The problem of particle acceleration at interplanetary (IP) shocks is long-standing, since several unresolved issues are still debated, pushing the research on this field
to jointly explore spacecraft in-situ observations, numerical simulations, and analytical models.
In this work, we analyze several shock crossings by spacecraft in the interplanetary space in order to link the shock and...
Turbulence in plasmas involves a complex cross-scale coupling of fields and distortions of particle velocity distributions, with the generation of non-thermal features. How the energy contained in the large-scale fluctuations cascades all the way down to the kinetic scales, and how such turbulence interacts with particles, remains one of the major unsolved problems in plasma physics. Moreover,...
Supernovae explosions (SNe) are among the most energetic events in
the Universe. They represent an instantaneous release of energy of about 10$^{51}$ erg, associated to the catastrophic collapse of a massive star or to a runaway nuclear burning on the surface of a white dwarf. Following the explosion, the ejected material expands into the interstellar medium (ISM), forming a Supernova Remnant...
The study of the statistics of gradient tensors’ invariants is useful to characterize the morphological and topological features of magnetic flux and plasma streamlines in turbulent space plasmas. In the recent past some studies of the statistics of the gradient tensors’ invariants have been performed to investigate the velocity and magnetic field flow lines topologies in turbulent...
Non-equilibrium velocity distributions with enhanced suprathermal tails are ubiquitous in space plasmas and are commonly described using kappa-type distributions. However, multiple kappa formulations coexist in the literature, leading to ambiguity in the definition of temperature and thermodynamic parameters and complicating their physical interpretation.
In this work, we present a unified...
Ionized Physical Vapour Deposition (iPVD) is a key plasma-based technology used across several sectors, from semiconductor manufacturing to protective coatings and energy applications [1]. Among iPVD methods, High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) is particularly attractive due to the peculiar plasma conditions it generates, enabling dense, adherent and finely structured coatings...
It was shown that pair luminosity of the newborn strange star with temperature of $10^{10}$ K may be as high as $10^{52}$ erg/s. The question remains: can a strange star maintain such a high surface temperature for a long time? To answer this question we studied thermal evolution of newborn strange star taking into account thermal conductivity of free quarks and neutrino emission by the URCA...
